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Sildenafil relaxes muscles of the blood vessels and increases blood flow to particular areas of the body.
Sildenafil under the name Viagra is used to treat erectile dysfunction (impotence) in men.
Another brand of sildenafil is Revatio, which is used to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension and improve exercise capacity in men and women.
Do not take Viagra while also taking Revatio.
Do not take sildenafil if you are also using a nitrate drug for chest pain or heart problems, including nitroglycerin, isosorbide dinitrate, isosorbide mononitrate, and some recreational drugs such as "poppers". Taking sildenafil with a nitrate medicine can cause a sudden and serious decrease in blood pressure.
Some medicines can cause unwanted or dangerous effects when used with sildenafil. Tell your doctor about all your current medicines, especially riociguat (Adempas). Do not take sildenafil with riociguat.
Contact your doctor or seek emergency medical attention if your erection is painful or lasts longer than 4 hours. A prolonged erection (priapism) can damage the penis.
Stop using sildenafil and get emergency medical help if you have sudden vision loss.
You should not use sildenafil if you are allergic to it, or:
if you take other medicines to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension, such as riociguat (Adempas).
Do not take this medicine if you are also using a nitrate drug for chest pain or heart problems. This includes nitroglycerin, isosorbide dinitrate, and isosorbide mononitrate. Nitrates are also found in some recreational drugs such as amyl nitrate or nitrite ("poppers"). Taking sildenafil with a nitrate medicine can cause a sudden and serious decrease in blood pressure.
To make sure sildenafil is safe for you, tell your doctor if you have ever had:
heart problems (chest pain, a heart rhythm disorder, heart attack);
high or low blood pressure;
blood circulation problems;
retinitis pigmentosa (an inherited condition of the eye);
blindness in one or both eyes;
bleeding problems;
a stomach ulcer;
pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (PVOD);
liver or kidney disease;
a blood cell disorder such as sickle cell anemia, multiple myeloma, or leukemia;
a physical deformity of the penis (such as Peyronie's disease); or
if you have been told you should not have sexual intercourse for health reasons.
Sildenafil can decrease blood flow to the optic nerve of the eye, causing sudden vision loss. This has occurred in a small number of people taking sildenafil, most of whom also had heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, or certain pre-existing eye problems, and in those who smoked or were over 50 years old. It is not clear whether this medicine is the actual cause of vision loss.
This medicine is not expected to harm an unborn baby. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. Women with pulmonary arterial hypertension should not stop taking sildenafil without talking to their doctor.
It is not known whether sildenafil passes into breast milk or if it could harm a nursing baby. Tell your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby. Women with pulmonary arterial hypertension should not stop taking sildenafil without talking to their doctor.
Do not give this medication to anyone under 18 years old without medical advice.
Take sildenafil exactly as it was prescribed for you. Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets.
Revatio is usually taken three times each day, about 4 to 6 hours apart.
Viagra is usually taken only when needed, 30 minutes to 1 hour before sexual activity. You may take it up to 4 hours before sexual activity. Do not take Viagra more than once per day.
Shake the oral suspension (liquid) before you measure a dose. Use the dosing syringe provided, or use a medicine dose-measuring device (not a kitchen spoon).
Viagra can help you have an erection when sexual stimulation occurs. An erection will not occur just by taking a pill. Follow your doctor's instructions.
During sexual activity, if you become dizzy or nauseated, or have pain, numbness, or tingling in your chest, arms, neck, or jaw, stop and call your doctor right away. You could be having a serious side effect of sildenafil.
Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat.
Since Viagra is used as needed, you are not likely to miss a dose.
If you miss a dose of Revatio, take the medicine as soon as you can, but skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next dose. Do not take two doses at one time.
Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222.
Drinking alcohol with sildenafil can cause side effects.
Grapefruit may interact with sildenafil and lead to unwanted side effects. Avoid the use of grapefruit products.
Avoid using any other medicines to treat impotence, such as alprostadil or yohimbine, without first talking to your doctor.
Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction to sildenafil: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat.
Stop taking sildenafil and get emergency medical help if you have:
Common sildenafil side effects may include:
This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
Do not take sildenafil with similar medications such as avanafil (Stendra), tadalafil (Cialis) or vardenafil (Levitra). Tell your doctor about all other medications you use for erectile dysfunction.
Do not take sildenafil if you take other medicines to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension, such as riociguat (Adempas).
Do not take sildenafil if you are also using a nitrate drug for chest pain or heart problems. This includes nitroglycerin, isosorbide dinitrate, and isosorbide mononitrate. Nitrates are also found in some recreational drugs such as amyl nitrate or nitrite ("poppers"). Taking sildenafil with a nitrate medicine can cause a sudden and serious decrease in blood pressure.
In addition, tell your doctor about all your other medicines, especially:
drugs to treat high blood pressure or a prostate disorder;
antifungal medicine - ketoconazole or itraconazole; or
medicine to treat HIV/AIDS - ritonavir and others.
This list is not complete. Other drugs may interact with sildenafil, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all possible drug interactions are listed here.
Remember, keep this and all other medicines out of the reach of children, never share your medicines with others, and use sildenafil only for the indication prescribed.
Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances.
Medically reviewed by USARx EDITORIAL TEAM Last updated on 1/1/2020.
Source: Drugs.com Sildenafil (www.drugs.com/sildenafil.html).
Commonly reported side effects of sildenafil include: dyspepsia, headache, visual disturbance, and flushing. Other side effects include: epistaxis, insomnia, nasal congestion, and rhinitis. See below for a comprehensive list of adverse effects.
Applies to sildenafil: oral powder for suspension, oral tablet
Other dosage forms:
Along with its needed effects, sildenafil may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.
Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur while taking sildenafil:
Less common
Rare
Incidence not known
Some side effects of sildenafil may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them:
More common
Rare
Applies to sildenafil: intravenous solution, oral powder for reconstitution, oral tablet
The most common adverse reactions reported in clinical trials are headache, flushing, dyspepsia, abnormal vision, nasal congestion, back pain, myalgia, nausea, dizziness, and rash.
Very common (10% or more): Flushing (10%)
Uncommon (0.1% to 1%): Heart rate increased, palpitations, tachycardia, hypertension, hypotension
Rare (less than 0.1%): Myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, sudden cardiac death, ventricular arrhythmia, unstable angina
Frequency not reported: Ventricular arrhythmia, sudden cardiac death, angina pectoris, AV block, tachycardia, palpitation, hypotension, postural hypotension, myocardial ischemia, cerebral thrombosis, cardiac arrest, heart failure, abnormal electrocardiogram, cardiomyopathy, shock
Postmarketing reports: Serious cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and vascular events, including myocardial infarction; sudden cardiac death; ventricular arrhythmia; cerebrovascular hemorrhage; transient ischemic attack; hypertension; subarachnoid, intracerebral, and pulmonary hemorrhage have been reported in temporal association with the use of this drug.
Very common (10% or more): Dyspepsia (up to 17%), diarrhea
Common (1% to 10%): Nausea, vomiting, dry mouth, gastritis, gastroesophageal reflux disease, hemorrhoids, abdominal distension
Rare (less than 0.1%): Oral hypoesthesia
Frequency not reported: Glossitis, colitis, dysphagia, gastroenteritis, esophagitis, stomatitis, gingivitis
Very common (10% or more): Pain in extremity
Common (1% to 10%): Back pain, myalgia
Frequency not reported: Arthritis, arthrosis, myalgia, tendon rupture, tenosynovitis, bone pain, myasthenia, synovitis
Very common (10% or more): Headache (up to 28%)
Common (1% to 10%): Dizziness, migraine, tremor, paresthesia, burning sensation
Uncommon (0.1% to 1%): Somnolence, hypoesthesia
Rare (less than 0.1%): Cerebrovascular accident, syncope
Frequency not reported: Transient ischemic attack, seizure, seizure recurrence, ataxia, hypertonia, neuralgia, neuropathy, paresthesia, somnolence, reflexes decreased
Postmarketing reports: Transient global amnesia
Very common (10% or more): Abnormal vision (up to 11%)
Common (1% to 10%): Visual color distortion, retinal hemorrhage, visual impairment, vision blurred, photophobia, chromatopsia, cyanopsia, eye irritation, ocular hyperemia
Uncommon (0.1% to 1%): Conjunctival disorders, eye disorders, eye pain, lacrimation disorders, visual acuity reduced, diplopia, abnormal sensation in eye, photopsia, visual brightness, conjunctivitis
Rare (less than 0.1%): Retinal hemorrhage, arteriosclerotic retinopathy, retinal disorder, glaucoma, visual field defect, myopia, asthenopia, vitreous floaters, iris disorder, mydriasis, halo vision, eye edema, eye swelling, eyelid edema, scleral discoloration
Frequency not reported: Non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION), retinal vascular occlusion, visual field defect, cataract
This drug has lesser affinity for isoenzyme PDE6, an enzyme found in the retina. This lower selectivity is thought to be the basis for abnormalities related to color vision observed with higher doses or plasma levels.
Nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy developed in one eye within minutes to hours after ingestion of sildenafil. Four of the five patients had no vascular risk factors for ischemic optic neuropathy.
-Abnormal Vision: Mild to moderate and transient, predominantly color tinge to vision, but also increased sensitivity to light, or blurred vision.
-Visual color distortions: Chloropsia, chromatopsia, cyanopsia, erythropsia and xanthopsia
-Lacrimation disorders: Dry eye, lacrimal disorder and lacrimation increased
Very common (10% or more): Pharyngitis (18%), rhinitis
Common (1% to 10%): Nasal congestion, epistaxis, cough
Uncommon (0.1% to 1%): Sinus congestion
Rare (less than 0.1%): Throat tightness, nasal edema, nasal dryness
Frequency not reported: Asthma, dyspnea, laryngitis, pharyngitis, sinusitis, bronchitis, sputum increased, cough increased
Common (1% to 10%): Rash, alopecia, erythema, night sweats
Frequency not reported: Steven-Johnson syndrome (SJS), toxic epidermal necrolysis(TEN), urticaria, herpes simplex, pruritus, sweating, skin ulcer, contact dermatitis, exfoliative dermatitis
Common (1% to 10%): Anemia
Frequency not reported: Leukopenia
Postmarketing reports: In patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (secondary to sickle cell disease) taking Revatio (R), vaso-occlusive crises requiring hospitalization were more commonly reported. The clinical relevance of this finding in male patients treated with sildenafil for erectile dysfunction is unknown.
Common (1% to 10%): Fluid retention
Frequency not reported: Thirst, edema, gout, unstable diabetes, hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia, hypoglycemic reaction, hypernatremia
Common (1% to 10%): Cellulitis, influenza, bronchitis, sinusitis, rhinitis, gastroenteritis, vertigo, pyrexia
Uncommon (0.1% to 1%): Tinnitus, chest pain, fatigue, gynecomastia
Rare (less than 0.1%): Deafness, irritability
Frequency not reported: Sudden hearing loss, edema, face edema, peripheral edema, pain, chills accidental fall, accidental injury
Common (1% to 10%): Insomnia, anxiety
Frequency not reported: Abnormal dreams, depression
Uncommon (0.1% to 1%): Penile hemorrhage, hematospermia
Frequency not reported: Priapism, prolonged erection, increased erection, cystitis, nocturia, urinary frequency, urinary incontinence, abnormal ejaculation, genital edema, anorgasmia
Uncommon (0.1% to 1%): Hematuria
Rare (less than 0.1%): Hypersensitivity reactions, including rash and urticaria
Frequency not reported: Liver function tests abnormal
Medically reviewed by USARx EDITORIAL TEAM Last updated on 1/1/2020.
Source: Drugs.com Sildenafil (www.drugs.com/sildenafil.html).
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