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Rifampin is an antibiotic that is used to treat or prevent tuberculosis (TB).
Rifampin may also be used to reduce certain bacteria in your nose and throat that could cause meningitis or other infections. Rifampin prevents you from spreading these bacteria to other people, but rifampin will not treat an active meningitis infection.
Rifampin may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.
Tell your doctor about all your current medicines and any you start or stop using. Many drugs can interact, and some drugs should not be used together.
You should not use rifampin if you are allergic to rifampin or similar medicines such as rifabutin, rifapentine, rifamycin, or rifaximin.
Many drugs can interact and cause dangerous effects. Some drugs should not be used together with rifampin. Your doctor may change your treatment plan if you also use: atazanavir, darunavir, fosamprenavir, praziquantel, ritonavir, saquinavir, or tipranavir.
Tell your doctor if you have ever had:
diabetes;
liver disease;
bleeding problems; or
porphyria (a genetic enzyme disorder that causes symptoms affecting the skin or nervous system).
It is not known whether this medicine will harm an unborn baby. However, using rifampin during the last few weeks of pregnancy may cause bleeding in the mother or the newborn baby. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant.
Rifampin can make hormonal birth control less effective, including birth control pills, injections, implants, skin patches, and vaginal rings. To prevent pregnancy while using rifampin, use a barrier form of birth control: condom, diaphragm, cervical cap, or contraceptive sponge.
You should not breastfeed while using this medicine.
Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets. Use the medicine exactly as directed.
Rifampin oral is taken by mouth. Rifampin injection is given as an infusion into a vein.
Take rifampin oral on an empty stomach, at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal. Take each dose with a full glass of water.
A healthcare provider will give you rifampin injection. Tell your caregivers if you feel any burning, pain, or swelling around the IV needle when rifampin is injected.
Rifampin may cause temporary discoloration of your teeth, sweat, urine, saliva, and tears (a yellow, orange, red, or brown color). This side effect is usually not harmful. However, soft contact lenses may be permanently stained if you wear them while using rifampin.
Dark colored urine can be a sign of liver problems. Call your doctor if you have reddish-brown urine together with upper stomach pain, loss of appetite, and jaundice (yellowing of your skin or eyes).
Use this medicine for the full prescribed length of time. Your symptoms may improve before the infection is completely cleared. Skipping doses may increase your risk of further infection that is resistant to antibiotics. Rifampin will not treat a viral infection such as the flu or a common cold.
You should not stop using rifampin without your doctor's advice. Stopping the medicine suddenly and later starting again may cause kidney problems. Rifampin is usually given until lab tests show that the infection has cleared.
While using rifampin, you may need frequent blood tests.
This medicine may affect a drug-screening urine test and you may have false results. Tell the laboratory staff that you use rifampin.
Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat. Keep the bottle tightly closed when not in use.
Use the medicine as soon as you can, but skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next dose. Do not use two doses at one time.
Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222.
Overdose can cause worsening symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, itching, headache, lack of energy leading to loss of consciousness, and dark or discolored skin, saliva, tears, urine, or stools.
Avoid drinking alcohol. It may increase your risk of liver damage.
Avoid wearing contact lenses. Rifampin may discolor your tears, which could permanently stain soft contact lenses.
Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction (hives, rash, feeling light-headed, wheezing, difficult breathing, swelling in your face or throat) or a severe skin reaction (fever, sore throat, burning in your eyes, skin pain, red or purple skin rash that spreads and causes blistering and peeling).
Seek medical treatment if you have a serious drug reaction that can affect many parts of your body. Symptoms may include: skin rash, fever, swollen glands, muscle aches, severe weakness, unusual bruising, and joint pain or stiffness.
Call your doctor at once if you have:
severe stomach pain, diarrhea that is watery or bloody;
chest pain, cough, shortness of breath;
a light-headed feeling, like you might pass out;
easy bruising, unusual bleeding (nosebleeds, bleeding gums);
pounding heartbeats or fluttering in your chest;
flu symptoms--fever, chills, body aches, headache, weakness, nausea, vomiting; or
liver problems--upper stomach pain, tiredness, loss of appetite, dark urine, clay-colored stools, jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes).
Common side effects may include:
red discoloration of your teeth, sweat, urine, saliva, and tears;
heartburn, gas, upset stomach, loss of appetite;
nausea, vomiting, diarrhea;
fever;
headache, dizziness, drowsiness, tiredness;
muscle weakness, pain in your arms or legs;
problems with balance or muscle movement;
numbness; or
confusion, changes in behavior, trouble concentrating.
This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
Sometimes it is not safe to use certain medications at the same time. Some drugs can affect your blood levels of other drugs you take, which may increase side effects or make the medications less effective.
Rifampin can harm your liver, especially if you also use certain medicines for infections, tuberculosis, depression, birth control, hormone replacement, high cholesterol, heart problems, high blood pressure, seizures, pain, or arthritis (including Tylenol, Advil, Motrin, or Aleve).
Many drugs can affect rifampin, and some drugs should not be used at the same time. Tell your doctor about all your current medicines and any medicine you start or stop using. This includes prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all possible interactions are listed here.
Further informationRemember, keep this and all other medicines out of the reach of children, never share your medicines with others, and use this medication only for the indication prescribed.
Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances.
Medically reviewed by USARx EDITORIAL TEAM Last updated on 1/1/2020.
Source: Drugs.com Rifampin (www.drugs.com/mtm/rifampin.html).
Applies to rifampin: oral capsule
Other dosage forms:
Along with its needed effects, rifampin may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.
Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur while taking rifampin:
Rare
Incidence not known
Get emergency help immediately if any of the following symptoms of overdose occur while taking rifampin:
Symptoms of overdose
Some side effects of rifampin may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them:
Rare
Incidence not known
For Healthcare Professionals
Applies to rifampin: compounding powder, intravenous powder for injection, oral capsule
DermatologicUncommon (0.1% to 1%): Serious cutaneous reactions
Frequency not reported: Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome, erythema multiforme, face edema, itching with/without rash, mild cutaneous reactions, pemphigoid reaction, pruritus, rash, self-limiting cutaneous reactions, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, urticaria
HypersensitivityUncommon (0.1% to 1%): Hypersensitivity reactions
Rare (0.01% to 0.1%): Anaphylaxis
Hypersensitivity reactions included acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis, hematuria, hemoglobinuria, hemolysis, interstitial nephritis, renal insufficiency, and serious cutaneous reactions.
RenalRare (0.01% to 0.1%): Acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis, interstitial nephritis, renal insufficiency
Frequency not reported: Blood urea nitrogen elevations
Acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis, interstitial necrosis, renal insufficiency were hypersensitivity reactions and usually occurred during intermittent therapy or during the resumption of intentional/accidental interruption of a daily dosage regimen. The effects were usually reversible when treatment was discontinued and appropriate therapy was instituted.
HematologicRare (0.01% to 0.1%): Disseminated intravascular coagulation, hemolysis, thrombocytopenia
Very rare (less than 0.01%): Agranulocytosis
Frequency not reported: Decreased hemoglobin, eosinophilia, hemolytic anemia, leukopenia
Thrombocytopenia usually occurred with high-dose intermittent therapy, but has occurred with well-supervised daily therapy and after resumption of interrupted treatment; the effect is reversible if treatment is discontinued as soon as purpura occurs.
Hemolysis was a hypersensitivity reaction and usually occurred during intermittent therapy or during the resumption of intentional/accidental interruption of a daily dosage regimen. This effect was usually reversible when treatment was discontinued and appropriate therapy was instituted.
HepaticRare (0.01% to 0.1%): Abnormal liver function tests, hepatitis, shock-like syndrome with hepatic involvement
Frequency not reported: Jaundice, transient liver function test abnormalities, serum bilirubin elevations, serum transaminase elevations
GenitourinaryHematuria and hemoglobinuria were hypersensitivity reactions and usually occurred during intermittent therapy or during the resumption of intentional/accidental interruption of a daily dosage regimen. The effects were usually reversible when treatment was discontinued and appropriate therapy was instituted.
Rare (0.01% to 0.1%): Hematuria, hemoglobinuria
Frequency not reported: Menstrual disturbances
MusculoskeletalRare (0.01% to 0.1%): Myopathy
Frequency not reported: Bone pain, extremity pain, muscular weakness
Bone pain was included in flu syndrome, and occurred in patients receiving intermittent regimens; however, this event may occur in patients taking this drug irregularly or if daily administration is resumed after a drug-free interval.
PsychiatricRare (0.01% to 0.1%): Psychoses
Frequency not reported: Behavioral changes, mental confusion
EndocrineRare (0.01% to 0.1%): Adrenal insufficiency
Adrenal insufficiency occurred in patients with compromised adrenal function.
GastrointestinalFrequency not reported: Cramps, diarrhea, epigastric distress, flatulence, heartburn, nausea, pseudomembranous colitis, sore mouth, sore tongue, tooth discoloration/permanent tooth discoloration, vomiting
Nervous systemCerebral hemorrhage occurred in patients who continued or resumed treatment after the appearance of purpura.
Dizziness and headache were included in flu syndrome, and occurred in patients receiving intermittent regimens; however, the events may occur in patients taking this drug irregularly or if daily administration is resumed after a drug-free interval.
Frequency not reported: Ataxia, cerebral hemorrhage, dizziness, drowsiness, generalized numbness, headache, inability to concentrate
CardiovascularFrequency not reported: Decreased blood pressure, extremity edema, flushing with/without rash, shock, vasculitis
Decreased blood pressure and shock were included in flu syndrome, and occurred in patients receiving intermittent regimens; however, the events may occur in patients taking this drug irregularly or if daily administration is resumed after a drug-free interval.
OtherFrequency not reported: Chills, fatalities, fatigue, fever
Chills and fever were included in flu syndrome, and occurred in patients receiving intermittent regimens; however, the events may occur in patients taking this drug irregularly or if daily administration is resumed after a drug-free interval.
Fatalities occurred in patients who continued or resumed treatment after the appearance of purpura.
MetabolicFrequency not reported: Alkaline phosphatase elevations, anorexia, serum uric acid elevations
OcularFrequency not reported: Conjunctivitis, visual disturbances
ImmunologicFlu syndrome occurred in patients receiving intermittent regimens, but may occur in patients taking this drug irregularly or if daily administration is resumed after a drug-free interval.
Frequency not reported: Flu syndrome
RespiratoryFrequency not reported: Shortness of breath, wheezing
Shortness of breath and wheezing were included in flu syndrome, and occurred in patients receiving intermittent regimens; however, the events may occur in patients taking this drug irregularly or if daily administration is resumed after a drug-free interval.
Medically reviewed by USARx EDITORIAL TEAM Last updated on 1/1/2020.
Source: Drugs.com Rifampin (www.drugs.com/mtm/rifampin.html).
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