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Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor that decreases the amount of acid produced in the stomach.
Omeprazole is used to treat symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and other conditions caused by excess stomach acid. It is also used to promote healing of erosive esophagitis (damage to your esophagus caused by stomach acid).
Omeprazole may also be given together with antibiotics to treat gastric ulcer caused by infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori).
Over-the-counter (OTC) omeprazole is used to help control heartburn that occurs 2 or more days per week. The OTC brand of omeprazole must be taken as a course on a regular basis for 14 days in a row.
Omeprazole is not for immediate relief of heartburn symptoms.
Heartburn is often confused with the first symptoms of a heart attack. Seek emergency medical attention if you have chest pain or heavy feeling, pain spreading to the arm or shoulder, nausea, sweating, and a general ill feeling.
Omeprazole can cause kidney problems. Tell your doctor if you are urinating less than usual, or if you have blood in your urine.
Diarrhea may be a sign of a new infection. Call your doctor if you have diarrhea that is watery or has blood in it.
Omeprazole may cause new or worsening symptoms of lupus. Tell your doctor if you have joint pain and a skin rash on your cheeks or arms that worsens in sunlight.
You may be more likely to have a broken bone while taking omeprazole long term or more than once per day.
Prilosec OTC (over-the-counter) should be taken for no longer than 14 days in a row. Allow at least 4 months to pass before you start another 14-day treatment.
Heartburn can mimic early symptoms of a heart attack. Get emergency medical help if you have chest pain that spreads to your jaw or shoulder and you feel sweaty or light-headed.
You should not use omeprazole if you are allergic to it, or if:
you are also allergic to medicines like omeprazole, such as esomeprazole, lansoprazole, pantoprazole, rabeprazole, Nexium, Prevacid, Protonix, and others; or
you also take HIV medication that contains rilpivirine (such as Complera, Edurant, Odefsey, Juluca).
Ask a doctor or pharmacist if it is safe for you to use omeprazole if you have other medical conditions, especially:
trouble or pain with swallowing;
bloody or black stools, vomit that looks like blood or coffee grounds;
heartburn that has lasted for over 3 months;
frequent chest pain, heartburn with wheezing;
unexplained weight loss;
nausea or vomiting, stomach pain;
liver disease;
low levels of magnesium in your blood; or
osteoporosis or low bone mineral density (osteopenia).
You may be more likely to have a broken bone in your hip, wrist, or spine while taking a proton pump inhibitor long-term or more than once per day. Talk with your doctor about ways to keep your bones healthy.
Ask a doctor before using omeprazole if you are pregnant or breast-feeding.
Do not give this medicine to a child without medical advice.
Omeprazole is usually taken before eating (at least 1 hour before a meal). Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets. Use the medicine exactly as directed.
Use Prilosec OTC (over-the-counter) exactly as directed on the label, or as prescribed by your doctor.
Read and carefully follow any Instructions for Use provided with your medicine. Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you do not understand these instructions.
Shake the oral suspension (liquid) before you measure a dose. Use the dosing syringe provided, or use a medicine dose-measuring device (not a kitchen spoon).
If you cannot swallow a capsule whole, open it and sprinkle the medicine into a spoonful of applesauce. Swallow the mixture right away without chewing. Do not save it for later use.
You must dissolve omeprazole powder in a small amount of water. This mixture can either be swallowed or given through a nasogastric (NG) feeding tube using a catheter-tipped syringe.
Use this medicine for the full prescribed length of time, even if your symptoms quickly improve.
>OTC omeprazole should be taken for only 14 days in a row. It may take 1 to 4 days before your symptoms improve. Allow at least 4 months to pass before you start a new 14-day course of treatment.
Call your doctor if your symptoms do not improve, or if they get worse.
Some conditions are treated with a combination of omeprazole and antibiotics. Use all medications as directed.
Omeprazole can affect the results of certain medical tests. Tell any doctor who treats you that you are using this medicine.
Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat.
Take the medicine as soon as you can, but skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next dose. Do not take two doses at one time.
Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222.
Omeprazole can cause diarrhea, which may be a sign of a new infection. If you have diarrhea that is watery or bloody, call your doctor before using anti-diarrhea medicine.
Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction to omeprazole: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat.
Stop using omeprazole and call your doctor at once if you have:
severe stomach pain, diarrhea that is watery or bloody;
new or unusual pain in your wrist, thigh, hip, or back;
seizure (convulsions);
kidney problems - little or no urination, blood in your urine, swelling, rapid weight gain;
low magnesium - dizziness, irregular heartbeats, feeling jittery, muscle cramps, muscle spasms, cough or choking feeling; or
new or worsening symptoms of lupus - joint pain, and a skin rash on your cheeks or arms that worsens in sunlight.
Taking this medicine long-term may cause you to develop stomach growths called fundic gland polyps. Talk with your doctor about this risk.
If you use omeprazole for longer than 3 years, you could develop a vitamin B-12 deficiency. Talk to your doctor about how to manage this condition if you develop it.
Common omeprazole side effects may include:
stomach pain, gas;
nausea, vomiting, diarrhea; or
headache.
This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
Sometimes it is not safe to use certain medications at the same time. Some drugs can affect your blood levels of other drugs you take, which may increase side effects or make the medications less effective.
Tell your doctor about all your current medicines. Many drugs can interact omeprazole, especially:
clopidogrel;
methotrexate;
St. John's wort; or
an antibiotic - amoxicillin, clarithromycin, rifampin.
This list is not complete and many other drugs may affect omeprazole. This includes prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all possible drug interactions are listed here.
Remember, keep this and all other medicines out of the reach of children, never share your medicines with others, and use omeprazole only for the indication prescribed.
Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances.
Medically reviewed by USARx EDITORIAL TEAM Last updated on 1/1/2020.
Source: Drugs.com Omeprazole (www.drugs.com/omeprazole.html).
Applies to omeprazole: oral capsule delayed release, oral packet, oral powder for suspension, oral tablet delayed release
Along with its needed effects, omeprazole may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.
Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur while taking omeprazole:
Rare
Incidence not known
Get emergency help immediately if any of the following symptoms of overdose occur while taking omeprazole:
Symptoms of overdose
Some side effects of omeprazole may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them:
Less common
Applies to omeprazole: compounding powder, oral delayed release capsule, oral delayed release tablet, oral powder for reconstitution, oral powder for reconstitution delayed release, oral suspension
The most commonly reported side effects included headache, abdominal pain, nausea, and diarrhea.
Otitis media occurred most frequently in patients 1 month to less than 1 year of age.
Fever most commonly occurred in patients 1 to less than 2 years of age.
Accidental injury most commonly occurred in patients 2 to 16 years of age.
Very common (10% or more): Fever (up to 33%), otitis media (up to 22%)
Common (1% to 10%): Accidental injury, asthenia
Uncommon (0.1% to 1%): Malaise
Very rare (less than 0.01%): Elevated body temperature
Postmarketing reports: Pain, fatigue, tinnitus
Very common (10% or more): Respiratory system reactions (up to 75%)
Common (1% to 10%): Cough, pharyngitis/pharyngeal pain, rhinitis, upper respiratory infection
Rare (0.01% to 0.1%): Bronchospasm
Very rare (less than 0.01%): Dyspnea
Postmarketing reports: Epistaxis
Patients 1 to less than 2 years of age had the highest frequency of adverse reactions of the respiratory system, followed by patients 1 month to less than 1 year and patients 2 to 16 years of age.
Lightheadedness occurred predominantly in severely ill or elderly patients.
Taste disturbance usually resolved when treatment was stopped.
Taste perversion most commonly occurred in patients given concomitant treatment with clarithromycin.
Hepatic encephalopathy occurred in patients with preexisting liver disease.
Very common (10% or more): Taste perversion (up to 15%)
Common (1% to 10%): Dizziness, drowsiness, headache, somnolence
Uncommon (0.1% to 1%): Paresthesia, taste disturbances, vertigo
Rare (0.01% to 0.1%): Hepatic encephalopathy, lightheadedness
Postmarketing reports: Tremor
Hemorrhagic necrotic gastritis has been reported in pediatric patients.
Diarrhea most commonly occurred in patients given concomitant treatment with clarithromycin and amoxicillin.
Benign gastric fundic gland polyps appeared to be reversible when omeprazole was discontinued.
Very common (10% or more): Diarrhea (Up to 14%)
Common (1% to 10%): Abdominal pain, acid regurgitation, benign fundic gland polyps, constipation, flatulence, nausea, tongue discoloration, vomiting
Rare (0.01% to 0.1%): Dry mouth, gastrointestinal candidiasis, microscopic colitis, stomatitis
Very rare (less than 0.01%): Dyspepsia, hemorrhagic necrotic gastritis
Postmarketing reports: Abdominal swelling, Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea, esophageal candidiasis, fecal discoloration, fundic gland polyps, irritable colon, mucosal atrophy of the tongue, pancreatitis (sometimes fatal)
Common (1% to 10%): Rash
Uncommon (0.1% to 1%): Alopecia, dermatitis, erythema multiforme, increased sweating, pruritus, photosensitivity, skin eruptions, urticaria
Rare (0.01% to 0.1%): Allergic vasculitis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis (some fatal)
Frequency not reported: Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus
Postmarketing reports: Cutaneous lupus erythematosus, dry skin, hyperhidrosis, petechia, skin inflammation, severe generalized skin reactions, systemic lupus erythematosus
Common (1% to 10%): Back pain
Uncommon (0.1% to 1%): Fracture of the hip/wrist/spine
Rare (0.01% to 0.1%): Arthralgia, joint pain, muscular weakness, myalgia
Postmarketing reports: Bone fracture, leg pain, muscle cramps
Common (1% to 10%): Insomnia
Rare (0.01% to 0.1%): Aggression, agitation, confusion/reversible mental confusion, depression, hallucinations
Postmarketing reports: Anxiety, apathy, dream abnormalities, nervousness, psychiatric and sleep disturbances
Confusion, agitation, aggression, depression, and hallucinations occurred predominantly in severely ill or elderly patients.
Common (1% to 10%): Flu syndrome
Uncommon (0.1% to 1%): Increased liver enzymes (ALT, alkaline phosphatase, AST, bilirubin, gamma glutamyl transferase)
Rare (0.01% to 0.1%): Hepatic failure, hepatitis with/without jaundice
Postmarketing reports: Cholestatic disease, fatal hepatic failure, hepatocellular disease, jaundice, liver disease, liver necrosis (some fatal), mixed hepatitis
Uncommon (0.1% to 1%): Peripheral edema
Postmarketing reports: Bradycardia, chest pain/angina, elevated blood pressure/hypertension, palpitations, tachycardia
Peripheral edema usually resolved when treatment was stopped.
Rare (0.01% to 0.1%): Agranulocytosis, hypochromic/microcytic anemia, leukopenia, pancytopenia, thrombocytopenia
Postmarketing reports: Anemia, fatal agranulocytosis, hemolytic anemia, leukocytosis, neutropenia, purpura
Rare (0.01% to 0.1%): Anaphylactic reaction/shock, angioedema, hypersensitivity reactions
Postmarketing reports: Anaphylaxis
Severe hypomagnesemia may result in hypocalcemia, and this condition may be associated with hypokalemia.
Hypokalemia was reported in pediatric patients.
Rare (0.01% to 0.1%): Hyponatremia
Very rare (less than 0.01%): Hypocalcemia, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia with/without hypocalcemia and/or hypokalemia, weight increase
Postmarketing reports: Anorexia, cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12) deficiency, hypoglycemia
Rare (0.01% to 0.1%): Interstitial nephritis
Very rare (less than 0.01%): Impaired renal function, nephrosis
Postmarketing reports: Elevated serum creatinine, glycosuria
Irreversible visual impairment has been reported in critically ill patients who generally received high doses of the IV formulation as a bolus; however, no causal relationship has been established.
Rare (0.01% to 0.1%): Blurred vision
Frequency not reported: Irreversible visual impairment
Postmarketing reports: Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy, double vision, dry eye syndrome, ocular irritation, optic atrophy, optic neuritis
Rare (0.01% to 0.1%): Gynecomastia
Very rare (less than 0.01%): Impotence
Postmarketing reports: Hematuria, microscopic pyuria, proteinuria, testicular pain, urinary frequency, urinary tract infection
A causal relationship between this drug and impotence has not been established.
Postmarketing reports: Gastroduodenal carcinoids
Gastroduodenal carcinoids have been reported in patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome on long-term therapy. This condition may be a manifestation of the underlying condition, which is known to be associated with tumors.
Medically reviewed by USARx EDITORIAL TEAM Last updated on 1/1/2020.
Source: Drugs.com Omeprazole (www.drugs.com/omeprazole.html).
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