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Applies to epinephrine ophthalmic: ophthalmic solution
OcularChronic ophthalmic application of epinephrine to aphakic patients may cause maculopathy in up to 28% of patients (macular edema, vascular spasm, hemorrhages), which can result in distorted vision, central scotoma, and/or loss of visual acuity. This maculopathy can reverse within six months upon drug withdrawal.
A single case of madarosis (loss of eyelashes) has been associated with topical epinephrine. After the therapy was discontinued, the lashes grew back.
Ocular side effects have included stinging and burning, lacrimation, and local discomfort upon application in up to 62% of patients. Browache, eye pain/ache, conjunctival hyperemia, allergic lid reactions, mydriasis, blurry vision, photophobia have been reported. Ocular cicatrization, pemphigoid, loss of eyelashes, and maculopathy have been reported rarely. Prolonged use can cause corneal edema, refractoriness of superficial blood vessels to constrict, and deposition of brownish oxidation products of epinephrine in the palpebral conjunctiva.
CardiovascularCardiovascular side effects associated with ocularly applied epinephrine have rarely included palpitations, tachycardia, extrasystoles, premature ventricular depolarizations, cardiac arrhythmias, and hypertension.
Nervous systemNervous system side effects associated with ocularly applied epinephrine have included faintness, trembling, pallor, headache, tremors, and perspiration.
HypersensitivityHypersensitivity reactions after ocular application may present as diffuse vascular engorgement, follicular hypertrophy, chemosis, conjunctivitis, and/or iritis.
GeneralIn general, systemic side effects after topical application of epinephrine to the eye are more likely if the corneum is damaged or permeability is increased by tonometry, surgery, inflammation, or topical application of a local anesthetic.
Medically reviewed by USARx EDITORIAL TEAM Last updated on 1/3/2022.
Source: Drugs.com Epinephrine (www.drugs.com/cons/epinephrine-ophthalmic.html).
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